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TARNISH: Tarnish happens when it comes to .925 sterling silver and gold plated sterling silver jewelry. Tarnish is caused by the reaction of the copper in the sterling silver, to humidity and elements. Even perfumes, lotions, hair care products and sweat will accelerate tarnish on jewelry. Polishing cloth will bring back the shine.
.925 STERLING SILVER
Silver, even that has been fully work-hardened, gradually recrystallizes and softens at room temperature. To maintain hardness, other metals are added to form alloys that are harder, stronger, and less susceptible to scratching and marring. The best-known copper-silver alloy is sterling, which is 92.5 percent silver and 7.5 percent copper
GOLD FILLED (GF)
Gold filled is a process of pressure bonding a thin layer of gold to a base metal core (usually brass). Gold filled (unlike gold plating) has an actual layer of gold, giving it more value and making it tarnish-resistant.
VERMEIL
(pronounced either ver-meel' or ver-MAY') is gold-plating process developed in France in the mid-1700s. Early-day vermeil involved the use of mercury. Modern-day vermeil is produced by a safe electrolytic process. The inside core is sterling silver and the outside is a coating of gold. Gold plate adheres OK, but not perfectly to silver. Where the plating has not bonded, the silver will tarnish underneath the plating. On the gold-plated surface, this will appear as dark, blotchy spots. The gold-plate will darken over time, and will eventually wear off. On highly decorated surfaces such as Bali beads, the irregular darkening adds an antique effect to the piece. If you are mixing vermeil and gold-filled pieces together, remember that the vermeil will darken, but the gold-filled will not.
CZ (CUBIC ZIRCONIA)
CZ looks very similar to diamond and usually hard to distinguish the difference with the naked eye. CZ has many characteristics like diamond but at a fraction of the cost. CZ is slightly less brilliance (liveliness and sparkle) than diamonds, while having more fire (flashes of rainbow colors). CZ has a scientific hardness rating of 8.5 (vs. Diamond 10) on the Mohs' scale, hence can scratch glass (hardness 6~7). CZ is about 75% heavier than diamond and comes in variety of colors. High Quality CZ is machine cut to exacting tolerances that duplicates the diamond-cutting process. Main sources of CZ are United States, Switzerland, Thailand and China.
